Background of the study: Improving the lower limb (LL) motor recovery after stroke is a major task in order to improve the functional ability of the patient. We aim to complete a narrative review to determine the efficacy of virtual reality in Lower limb therapy approaches among post stroke.
Methodology: A literature search was carried out. Overall, 14 Articles with 852 participants were included in the study. The patient who has had a stroke and received intervention virtual reality during practice of the treatment session: 14 studies were included in the review. Data Sources were searched from MEDLIWE, CINAHL and Cochrane library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) from 2000 till 2021.
Result: The stroke patient who received VR interventions has showed improvement in their functional abilities. Various outcome measures were included in the studied Kinematic and kinetic gait parameters, 10 MWT, Functional walking ability, FUGL Meyer assessment(FMA-UE),Action reach arm test (ARAT), Wolf motor function test (WMFT), Box block test (BBT), Functional ambulation classification (FACO), Berg balance scale (BBS), Time up and go (TUG), Mini mental state examination (MMSE), Utrecht scale for evaluation of rehabilitation – participation (USER-P), Stroke specific quality of life(SS-QOL), Fatigue severity scale (FFS).
Conclusion: This systematic narrative review reveals that VR intervention is effective to improve lower limb motor function, gait and balance functions of stroke patients. Virtual reality may allow therapists to deliver more repetitive training with more regular performance feedback and improving motor learning rate.
2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3Director Physio care and Research Coordinator, School of Health Sciences, Garden City University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Corresponding Author:
1*Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Background of the Study: Cricket is the most popular and most common sport played by men and women in India. Since cricketer’s body demand is often high as players require to bat, bowl, and field at various time throughout the game core endurance plays a vital role. The main objective was to analyze the effectiveness of Pilates exercise vs floor exercise on trunk muscle endurance among cricketers.
Methodology: 30 male cricket players were recruited from Faculty of physiotherapy Dr. M.G.R Educational and Research Institute with the age group of 18-25 years. Cricket players were included after specific selection criteria for the study. Trunk muscle endurance exercises were given to the participants for 8 weeks. McGill’s torso endurance battery test used to measure the trunk muscle endurance before and after the training. The trunk exercise training was given to all cricketers. Both group A and B were independently prescribed exercise performed for alternate days in a week for 30 minutes per day and this would have been followed for 8 weeks. Paired t-test analyses were used to find the significant difference between pre and posttest measurement.
Result: After the analysis, the results revealed significant improvement of trunk muscle endurance in both the groups (P value >0.0001). The Pilates group showed significant results when compared with the floor exercise group.
Conclusion: The study showed beneficial results in both the groups, the result reflected that the Pilates exercise group had better improvement than the floor exercise group on trunk muscle endurance among cricketers.
K. Kamatchi, S. Balaji, Binita Maria James, Ritheeka.V, Asmath Fathima K.A
Authors:
2Physiotherapist, Balaji physiotherapy clinic and rehabilitation center, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3,4,5BPT Intern, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Corresponding Author: 1Assistant professor, Faculty of physiotherapy, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Background of study: Obesity refers to a condition of having excessive amount of body fat. The WHO has described obesity as one of today’s most neglected public health problem, affecting every region of the country. The intra-abdominal fat carries a greater health risk than that stored elsewhere in the body. The study was attempted to compare the effectiveness of Swiss ball and Thera band exercise on abdominal girth and quality of life of obesity children. The objective of the study is to find the effectiveness of Swiss ball and Thera band exercise on abdominal girth and quality of life of obesity children.
Methodology: This study is an experimental type design, comparative pre-post type. 30 children with obesity were selected and randomly divided into two groups. Children aged 8-12 and whose BMI values were 30-34.9 kg/m², children who had not continued a diet program for 3 months were included in the study. The children with any psychological conditions, or any other weight reduction plan, who cannot do exercise, above 12 and below 8 aged children were excluded in the study. The waist circumference, waist hip ratio and the pediatric quality of life inventory (Peds QL) was used as outcome measures. The study duration was up to 12 weeks.
Result: Group A Swiss ball exercises showed marked improved than the Group B TheraBand exercises.
Conclusion. The result of this study showed an improvement in reduction of abdominal girth of obese children.
Keyword: Obese child; Waist circumference; Hip -waist ratio; The pediatric quality of life inventory
2BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
3Principal cum Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Dayananda Sagar University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
4Director Physio care and Research Coordinator, School of Health Sciences, Garden City University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Corresponding Author:
1Professor,PhD-Program Convenor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Mail Id: physiojibi@gmail.com
Abstract
Background of the Study: Lower back pain is menace of today’s worlds influencing about 80 % of the population is affected from low back pain at least once or twice in their life span. Dead bug exercise is effective exercise for promoting stabilization of trunk and pelvis. The study to compare the effect of plank exercise and Dead bug exercise to reduce the low back pain. Aim of the study is to find the Comparative the effect of plank exercise versus dead bug exercise among patients with low back pain.
Methodology: This is an experimental comparative type study with 30 subjects conducted at ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai for five weeks. The subjects selected for the study got consent for participation, the subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, they were assigned into 2 groups, 15 in each group for a duration of 3 days per week for 5week, age group between 18-30 years with low back pain more than 2 weeks were included in study. Group A with plank exercise and group B with Dead bug exercise. Pain and function were measured by visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index.
Result: On comparing pre-test and Post-test within Group A & Group B on Visual analogue scale and ODI scale score shows highly significant difference in Mean values at P ≤ 0.001. Group A shows higher effect than the group B.
Conclusion: In our study we found that plank exercise had a significant difference in decreasing a low back pain concluded that plank exercise improves body alignment, flexibility, metabolism, build core strength, balance and coordination
Keywords: Plank exercise; Dead bug exercise; Low back Pain; Core stability
Judy Ann Jays1,Jomi John2, Kadija Fursana N3, Megha J4,Kashmeera V Pramod5
Authors: 2Assist.Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India 3,4BPT Intern, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kerala, Kottayam, Kerala, India 5Assistant Professor, department of physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India Corresponding Author: 1BPT Intern, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kerala, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Mail id: praise1806@gmail.com
Abstract
Background of the study: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the common global health problems and the major cause of disability affecting performance at work and general wellbeing. Hamstring stiffness could be a possible contributory factor of low back pain. There is increased risk of plantar heel pain when the hamstring is tight. The purpose of the study is to find out whether the young adults have any prevalence of low back pain and plantar heel pain due to hamstring tightness.
Methods: 105 subjects of age group 18–25 year those satisfying the inclusion criteria were recruited for study. After screening the subjects, a written consent form was obtained from each of the subject. The students are sorted on the basis of hamstring tightness using Active knee extension test and the data was collected using valid questionnaire. Low back pain was assessed using Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire and Foot Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) to measure physical function of foot and ankle. Numeric pain rating scale is used to measure the severity of plantar heel pain.
Result: The result of the study shows that, individual with hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain had a greater prevalence of low back pain and there is no significant association between hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain.
Conclusion: The study concluded that hamstring tightness is observed in most of the college students. The present investigation revealed that half of the subjects experience low back pain due to hamstring tightness. Individual with low back pain have an increased incidence of plantar heel pain. The study resulted that there is no relation between hamstring tightness and plantar heel pain in student population.
Authors: 2Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Gandhinagar, Kottayam, Kerala, India 3Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India Corresponding Author: 1Assistant Professor, department of physiotherapy, CPAS School of Medical Education, Angamaly, Kerala, India, Mail id: kashmeerapramod12@gmail.com
Abstract
Background and objectives: Low back pain is a highly disabling medical condition characterized by pain and discomfort localized to area between the costal margin and inferior gluteal folds, with or without leg pain. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of muscle energy technique on rectus femoris muscle to reduce pain and functional disability in patients with low back pain.
Methods: 30 subjects those fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Subjects were then allocated to two groups- Group A (Control group) and Group B (Experimental group). Subjects in group A received William’s Flexion exercises and subjects in group B received experimental treatment of muscle energy technique on rectus femoris and William’s flexion exercises. Pain and functional disability were measured using Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Oswestry Disability Index before and after the intervention period respectively.
Results: the post test scores of NPRS and ODI of control and experimental group were analysed using two sample t test and paired t test. The data analysed showed statistically significant difference in the post test scores of NPRS and ODI of experimental group over control group at 5% significance level.
Conclusion: The study concluded that muscle energy technique on rectus femoris is effective in reducing pain and functional disability in patients with low back pain.
Keywords: Low Back Pain; Rectus Femoris; Williams Flexion Exercise; Muscle Energy Technique; Oswestry Disability Index
G. Velmurugan1, S. Viswanathan2, J. Andrews Milton3, U. Niyamathulla4
Authors: 2Lecturer in Physiotherapy, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Raja Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India 3Professor and Principal, Bethany Navajeevan College of Physiotherapy, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India 4Assoc.Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences, Karaikal, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: 1PhD Scholar, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu and Professor, Shanmuga College of Physiotherapy, Karaikal, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: physiovelkavin66@gmail.com
Abstract
Background: Stroke is the leading cause of physical dysfunction. It is imperative to identify the current level of physical activities of stroke patients to plan for effective rehabilitation strategies. Aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of performance impairment of stroke patients using Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Total motor score.
Methods: Thirty-seven stroke patients were selected. The performance impairment was evaluated by FMA motor score. Both upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) motor function was evaluated. The maximum UL score was 66 and LL score was 34. The relationship of age and duration of condition with FMA motor score was studied by Pearson’s correlation coefficients. The difference in the gender and type of stroke with the FMA motor score was analysed by Mann-Whitney ‘U’ test.
Result: The mean FMA total score was 43.81 ± 7.12. The relationship between age and total motor score was not significant with, r = 0.004, p = 0.980. There was no significant relationship between duration of the condition and motor recovery, r = 0.46, p = 0.304 > 0.05. The difference in the gender (z = 0.55, p = 0.579) and type of stroke (z = 0.06, p = 0.956) was not significant with the total motor score.
Conclusion: It is concluded that stroke patients have severe performance impairment evaluated by FMA and Total motor score. Motor recovery was not dependent on the age and gender of patients.
1AssistantProfessor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Mail id: prachijphysio@gmail.com
Co-Authors:
2,3Professor, East Point College of Physiotherapy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
ABSTRACT
Background of the study: This examination clarifies about the normal weight an understudy needs to convey to school. The pinnacle development happens during pubescence and the development of the affixed skeletal framework stops around 16 – 18 years for guys. The greater part of the investigations on the impact of burden carriage has been centered around patches and climbers fully intent on working on the strategies of burden carriage.
Methodology: This is an observational investigation with 50 male subjects included. With static and dynamic stacking with 15% body weight and changes in stride design in the two circumstances were caught. Subjects were on their own control where gauge or dumped pose is contrasted and act under two distinctive trial stacking conditions. Subjects were weighed with and without their school packs on the one set off aligned electronic scale.
Result: The mean upsides of Craniovertebral Angle (CV), Craniohorizontal (CH) point and Sagittal Shoulder act expanded in all trial load conditions in examination with dumped state. The mean upsides of Step Length (SL) decreased in unique stacking when contrasted with dumped condition while it was not appropriate if there should arise an occurrence of static stacking. No huge contrasts were found in CH Variance between the dumped condition and conveying school sacks weighting 15% body weight while in static stacking the CH Variance was expanded to practically twofold when contrasted with no heap and dynamic burden condition.
Conclusion: This experimental study supports that dynamic loading of the student with 15% of body weight, leads to significant change in cervical and shoulder posture compared to static loading with 15% of body weight and unloaded condition.
Received on 12th July 2021, Revised on 18th August 2021, Accepted on 26th August 2021, DOI:10.36678/IJMAES.2021.V07I03.003
INTRODUCTION
The word rucksack was begat in the U.S. in 1910’s. Rucksack is a proper method of conveying load of spine, intently and evenly while keeping up with dependability. The Backpack is one of the few from of manual burden carriage that gives flexibility and is frequently utilized by climbers, hikers and troopers, just as school kids. However, there is developing public worry that over-burden youngsters and juvenile’s knapsacks might prompt the improvement of back torment and other musculoskeletal wounds. Data got from these investigations may duplicate to school kids. Stance in juvenile can be influenced by both inward and outer impacts, which might make young adult more vulnerable to injury. Contemplating postural reactions to burdens will help us to understanding the effect of conveying school packs on kids. At the point when burden is situated back to the body as knapsack it changes pose on account of changes to focus of gravity1, 2.
The body attempts to keep the focal point of gravity between feet, so with a bag, the storage compartment is in a more forward position, putting unusual power on the spine, load conveyed in a backpack shift the focal point of gravity behind the body to equalize, the focal point of the gravity of the body in addition to the load is moved back over base of the feet. The specialists demonstrated that conveying backpack lead protrusion of head to the forward direction. These progressions in arrangement of the neck can produces strain of cervical joints 3, 4.
Conveying back loads by youngsters has been connected with spinal agony, and the measure of postural change created by load carriage has been utilized as a proportion of the possibility to cause tissue harm. Back torment in kids gives off an impression of being more normal than was recently suspected. Studies have shown that 10% to 30% of sound youngsters experience back torment by their teen. Consequently examination to postural reactions to stack conveying will assist us with understanding the effect of school knapsack on youngsters5-7.
To decrease the event of musculoskeletal agony a proactive, preventive methodology utilizing ergonomics mediation has been proposed by certain scientists. For instance, school packs plan, school spot, furniture, and apparatuses. Managerial controls are choices made by school staff, medical care experts and others (specialists, school overseers, and guardians or parental figures) to lessen the term, recurrence and seriousness openness to existing risks. They additionally pass on the dangers set up however endeavors to decrease the impacts on the young (for example ensuring the heaviness of the rucksack doesn’t surpass 15% of the body weight, checking the adolescent stance when wearing the knapsack). Work practice controls are self-guided, self-started systems utilized by understudies to guarantee protected and legitimate methods while doing exercises (for example utilizing the two ties, affixing the lashes yet not very firmly). This load of methodologies or controls target decreasing the weight on musculoskeletal framework8, 9.
The limitation of the most extreme load to 15% of the body weight is one of the fundamental controls. Anyway some different creators have suggested that sack weight ought not to surpass 15% of the body weight. In this investigation we are attempting to decide if the heaviness of the rucksack (15% of body weight), its situation on the spine or time conveyed influenced youths cervical and shoulder act. None of the scientists till date have examined reactions of cervical and shoulder act after static stacking and after unique exercises with 15% of body weight. In addition, attributable to anthropometrical contrasts among western and Indian offspring of comparable examination done there are not straightforwardly appropriate to Indian kids 10.
Purpose of the Study: There is need of this investigation so it can give us data about the normal weight a kid needs to convey to school. Subsequently if preventive measures can be acquaint now with the respect with safe burden carriage in undergrads, it won’t just serve to item youngsters while they are as yet growing, yet will likewise guarantee, that the standards they adapt now are brought through to work place as grown-ups and to address the very example deviations which happen in the youngsters because of weighty burden.
Aim & Objectives : Objectives of the study were to examine the changes in Cervical Lumber & Shoulder posture in college children with Dynamic Loading (15% of body wt.); also, to examine the changes in cervical Lumber & Shoulder posture in college children with static Loading (15% body wt.). And to analyses the gait pattern after back loading in college children.
Growth: Growth applies powers to the spine, the extent of which differs with the pace of development. Since the development speed is most elevated in newborn child and youths, it is normal that the subsequent powers applied to the spine are most noteworthy at these ages. Despite the fact that they are not more noteworthy, the powers that outcome from development might change spinal design since they are applied throughout extensive stretches of time. In ordinary spinal development, foremost and back development and side to side development are adjusted. The outcome is stretching of the spinal segment with moderately little change in its gross forms. Assuming, nonetheless, a pathology condition causes deviated development, the power vectors change and cause deformation.
Adaptability The pediatric spine can adjust to applied anxieties substantially more promptly than can the grown-up spine. “This is identified with development potential, the lower modulus of flexibility, and unmistakable rebuilding capacity.
Malleability: as well as being versatile, which suggests in dynamic interaction, the pediatric spine likewise is generously pliable. Pliability, a uninvolved interaction, suggests that the spine might be disfigured with the use of powers outside to the spinal segment.
Hypermobility: The physiologic scope of movement of the pediatric spine is extensively more noteworthy than that of the grown-up spines. This is the consequence of contrasts in ligamentous limitations and direction of the feature joint.
Weak Growth Plate: The development plate is the most fragile connection in the hub skeleton when it is exposed to tractable powers. This has significant ramifications for the sorts of injury probably going to happen in the pediatric spine. Odontoid wounds typically happen through the actual plate, situated close to the foundation of the odontoid cycle.
METHODOLOGY
Total 50 students aged between 17-20 years of BPT First Year was participated in the study. Participants with fever, systemic illness, cervical injuries, scoliosis or Kyphosis or congenital deformity were excluded from this study. Participants with complaint of pain were stopped for testing procedure.
Inclusion Criteria: Students should be aged between 17-20 yrs. Height, Body Weight should almost be similar, weight of the bag should be equal, lifestyle variation.
Exclusion Criteria: Scoliosis or Kyphosis, Injury, Fever, Systemic illness, any congenital deformity.
Study Procedure: Participants were weighed with and without their school packs on the one set off adjusted electronic scale (Beurer scale, precise to be inside 0.1 kg to 120 kg). Standing stature was estimated against an estimating tape got to divider. One school pack was utilized for every one of the exploratory conditions. The school sack had two movable cushioned shoulder ties, two compartments and no midriff or chest pressure lashes. Scopes of loads of 2 kg, 1 kg, 500 gm, 100gm, and 50 gm were utilized for the exploratory burden conditions.
The element of loads repeated regular instruction material. One Cannon 7.1 Mega pixels advanced camera was utilized to take actually photos of subject’s sagittal stance. Stand remain with a soul meter level was utilized for mounting the camera. Proportions of cervical and shoulder act were determined structure advanced photos utilizing the digitizing programming (Image Tool UTHCSA variant 3.0 University of Texas Health Service Center, San Antonio, TX).
Design of the study: This was an observational study to compare 2 test load conditions in static and dynamic stage with 15% body weight and were tried noticing the progressions in step design in the two conditions. Subjects were their own control where benchmark or dumped act is contrasted and act under two distinctive exploratory stacking conditions.
Techniques: Clothing was reworked so that shoulders were uncovered. With the subjects in standing stance cement markers were put on four physical tourist spots.
Spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebrae, Midpoint between greater tuberosity of humerus bone, back part of acromion of the scapula, Outer canthus of right eye and right tragus, were noted and were approached to stand serenely with their arms close by in ordinary standing stance.
They were approached to put their weight equitably on the two feet. The horizontal malleoli were put between equal lines, which are opposite to the front facing planes. The subjects gazed straight ahead. Camera was put two meters from the subject’s right side. Photo was taken inside 5 second of taking on the position.
The photos of the subjects were taken without school bag; it was 0% body weight, 15% body weight applied for Static loading and for dynamic activities. Information was examined by advanced programming Image Tool UTHCS version 3.0, University of Texas Service Center, San Antonio.
Data Analysis: Examination of postural points after powerful exercises is finished with static loading with 15% body weight and with 0% body weight. The meaning of changes in information was assessed utilizing rehashed measure examination of difference on each point with which arranged differentiation were made of the dumped condition with every one of two other stacked condition. The study was considered as significant with if p<0.05. The Gait was observed at carrying school bag more than two shoulders comparable to 15% body weight with static and dynamic exercises.
Graph 1: The Cranio-horizontal angle increases in the Group A i.e. Without static loading and it reduces gradually once it is loaded and further more it reduces in the dynamic loading subjects when they start walking.Graph 2: Cranio vertebral angle increases in static loading comparatively more than unloaded group and dynamic loading.Graph 3: Shoulder sagittal angle increases in static loading comparatively more than unloaded group and dynamic loadingGraph 4: The step length (SL) changes in group C than group A, which is unloaded static group.
RESULT
The mean stature and mean load of the subjects enlisted were 157.5cms, 54.34 kg separately. The mean load of the bag which kid conveyed to school was observed as 8.151 kg which was 15% of their body weight. Benchmark esteems were got ten by estimating Craniovertebral Angle, Craniohorizontal Angle, Sagittal Shoulder stance and step length on the dumped condition with 0% of their body weight.
The mean upsides of craniovertebral point diminished in a trial loaded condition in examination with dumped condition. The mean worth of CVA in the dumped state was 40.718 = 4.991, though the mean upsides of CVA while static stacking with 15% of body weight and after unique exercises with 15% of body weight were 43.994= 3.866 and 40.542=2.910 individ-ually. Huge contrasts were found by rehashed proportion of difference (ANOVA) in the CVA between dumped state, static stacking and after powerful exercises with p esteem 0.018 which is more than 0.0001.
Pair insightful correlation was between loaded state and static loading with 15% body weight shows that there is contrast with p esteem 0.0001 and furthermore critical distinction between dumped state and after powerful exercises act with p esteem 0.034. There was no critical contrast was found between static stacking states and after unique stacking exercises pose with 15% body weight load for CVA as p esteem is more noteworthy than 0.0001.
The mean upsides of Craniohorizontal point expanded in every one of the two trial load conditions in examination with dumped state. The mean worth of CHA in the dumped state was 16.61 = 2.75, though the mean upsides of CHA while static stacking and after unique exercises with 15% body weight were 23.186 = 3.693 and 20.4 = 2.456 individually. No huge contrasts was found in CHA between the dumped condition and conveying school sacks weighting 15% body weight while static stacking and after powerful exercises act.
The mean worth of sagittal shoulder act increments in every one of the two trial loads conditions in correlation with dumped state. The mean worth of sagittal shoulder act in the dumped state was 38.324 = 6.323, though the mean upsides of sagittal shoulder pose while static stacking and after unique exercises with 15% body weight were 34.68 = 5.977 and 40.75 = 8.850 separately.
The mean worth of step length diminishes in all trial loads conditions in examination with dumped state. The mean worth of step length in the dumped state was 19.06 = 3.436, though the mean upsides of step length while static stacking isn’t pertinent and after powerful exercises with 15% body weight was 16.84 = 3.683.
DISCUSSION
Shruti. R. Iyer in their examination tracked down that Indian youngsters convey school bags gauging 18.5% of their body weight. Pascoe et al7 in their examination done in America tracked down that mean load of school bag conveyed by school kids in the age gathering of 11-13 years was 17% of their body weight11.
Likewise Negrini et al in their examination done in Italy tracked down that normal burden conveyed by school kids matured 11.29=0.33 was 9.3 kg, which was determined to 22% of their body weight. Conversely, the heaviness of school pack communicated in level of body weight in this examination was observed to be heavier than detailed by Forjuoh SN et al in their investigation done in Texas (6.2% among kindergarteners and 12% among fifth graders)12.
The consequence of this examination uncovered that the greater part of the Indian kids in the age gathering of 17-20 years conveyed school pack weighing between 15% – 18% of their body weight. The mean worth of weight of the school pack conveyed by youngsters was observed to be 8.151 kg which is observed to be 15% of their body weight. The heaviness of the school pack communicated in level of body weight was observed to be reliable with studies done by Shruti. R. Iyer5 and Pascoe et al13.
Likewise J.K Whitefield et al in their examination done in New Zealand College detailed 13.2% of body weight for 3rd grade and 10.2% for 6th grade. Craniovertebral point gives an assessment of head on upper back. A little point shows more forward head position. It has been tracked down that more modest the CVA point is related with migraines in females51. Additionally change in arrangement of neck can deliver strain of cervical joints and delicate tissues just as imbalanced muscle execution. Head act immediately affects the situation of mandible and can prompt temporo-mandibular joint brokenness, and gulping difficulties14.
Ethical clearance: There was no risk of conducting this study.Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical committee of Institute of Applied Medicine and Research, under the Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut with approval letter dated 15thApril 2011.
Conflicts of Interest: There is no conflict of interest to conduct this study.
Fund for the study: This is self-funded study.
CONCLUSION
The consequence of the investigation upholds the exploratory theory that powerful stacking the understudy with 15% of body weight prompts huge change in cervical and shoulder pose when contrasted with static stacking with 15% of body weight and dumped condition, Significant change in cervical and shoulder showed by decline in craniovertebral point and expansion in sagittal shoulder act was found in unique stacking and static stacking when contrasted with dumped act.
We have likewise tracked down that 5 minutes of dynamic exercises with 15% of body weight produce huge change in craniovertebral and sagittal shoulder pose when contrasted with dumped act. Consequently, suggesting that school sack gauging 15% of body weight would be excessively weighty for the Indian school youngsters matured 17-20 to have the option to keep up with their ordinary cervical and shoulder pose arrangement.
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Citation: Prachi Jain, Syeda Khanam P, Manjunatha H(2021).Efficacy of heavy bags with 15% of body weight in teenagers on cervical and shoulder posture allignment, ijmaes; 7 (3); 1049-1060.
