Category: Physiotherapy

This book is the product of the thoughts and views of various physiotherapy teachers and clinical therapists. Every chapter in this book covers multiple neurological disorders in children, adults and elders. The clinician’s point of view on the various neurological conditions is elaborated well in this textbook. This book promotes the interest of the students and teachers to study neurology efficiently and is also helpful for them to appear in various examinations.
By
Dr. D. ANANDAN, MPT, (PhD)
Dr. B. ARUN, MPT, PhD
Dr. Jibi Paul

Adding Assistive Work Desk and Work Place Stretching Exercise on increase Job Satisfaction and Productivity of Sewing Workers

Yolanda Firmawaty^*1

Corresponding Author:

^*1Physiotherapy Program, FakultasVokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta

Mail id: yolanda.firmawaty@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: The sewing process have demands for workers which are usually quite high, which makes workers have to experience a state of rigid posture, static muscle loads and repetitive work, coupled with different and quite thick rope material loads. The process of working in a sitting position for a long time causes complaints and discomfort to workers. The purpose of this research is to increase the satisfaction and productivity of sewing workers.

Method: The research design used was a true experimental with the same subject design (treatment by subject design involving 18 workers. The sample in this study was determined as a control subject and treatment subject in different time periods In period I, workers worked as usual while in period II worked using assistive work desks and doing workplace stretching exercises. Job satisfaction was measured using a Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire containing 20 statements. Productivity was measured by the amount of time workers completed 100 ropes per day. using statistical paired sample t test with a value of α 0.05 for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon test for data that is not normally distributed.

Result: The results of the study showed significant differences p <0.05 on job satisfaction and productivity, in period II that is 12.06 points or experienced a difference of 19.80%. The addition of assistive work desks and the provision of Workplace Stretching Exercise increased productivity by 0.17 points or experienced a difference of 38.63%.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the intervention of adding assistive work desks and offering Workplace Stretching Exercise increase job satisfaction and productivity of sewing workers at Span Set Indonesia factory.

Keywords: Job satisfaction; Work Productivity; Workplace Stretching Exercise

The Effectiveness of Goodmornings Exercise Vs Conventional Strengthening Exercise in Subjects with Mechanical Low Back Pain

S. M. Divya Mary^*1, J. Harsha Banu²

Author:
²BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Corresponding Author:
^*1Assistant Professor,Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: divyamary.physio@drmgrdu.ac.in

Abstract

Background of the Study: Low back pain (LBP) is a very common and more than 10 million cases reported per year (India).The overall prevalence of low back pain was < 10% in the community. The prevalence of low back pain was more in women compared to men and it occurs more in the age group 20-35 compared to other age groups.

Methodology: The study setting is Physiotherapy OPD ACS medical college and hospital campus with experimental study design. 30 subjects of both male and female between the age of 20-35 years who are brisk and who doesn’t have any previous illness with slump test negative were included. Group 1 (n=15) were given Goodmornings with barbell exercise for 30 minutes and Group 2 (n=15) were given with conventional strengthening exercise for 30 minutes. The subjects were assessed pre and post to the treatment by Oswestry low back disability questionnaires and Visual Analogue Scale.

Results: On comparing the Mean values of Group A & Group B on VAS Score, it shows significant decrease in the post test Mean values but (Group B – Strengthening) shows (2.53) which has the Lower Mean value is effective than (Group A – Barbell) (3.00) at P ≤ 0.05. Hence Null Hypothesis is rejected. On comparing the Mean values of Group A & Group B on Oswestry Disability Index(OSDI), it shows significant decrease in the post test Mean values but (Group B – Strengthening) shows (16.86) which has the Lower Mean value is effective than (Group A – Barbell) (19.60) at P ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion: Therefore, this study proved conventional strengthening exercise plays a vital role in treating MLBP.

Keywords: Barbell; Strengthening exercise; Oswestry low back disability questionnaires; Visual analogue scale.

Association of Waist Circumference, Waist to Hip Ratio, Waist to Height Ratio in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Obese Subjects

G. Vaishnavi^*1, Yogesh.M²

Author:

¹Assistant Professor,Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

² BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding Author:

^*1Assistant Professor,Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background of the Study: Obesity is known to the main risk factor for a number of non-communicable diseases like diabetes. As per WHO, over weight and obesity have 44% of the diabetic cases. Obesity has emerged as leading global health through recent environmental and society changes favoring a positive energy balance and weight gain. The aim of the study is to find the association of waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio in diabetic and non-diabetic obese subjects.

Methodology: This observational study was conducted in OPD, physiotherapy department ACS Medical College and Hospital. In which 50 subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria of both male and female age group 25-50years. Subjects selected were obese patient with BMI above 30, diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and those excluded were lumbar Lordosis, history of pelvic fracture, inflammation of hip joint, gluteus medius, and with Trendlenburg gait. Selected subjects were selected and divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 25 subjects and Group B consisted of 25 subjects. Outcome measures include BMI, glucometer, Waist circumference, Waist to hip ratio, Weight to height ratio.

Results: Comparative study between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in BMI, Glucose level, Waist to height Ratio and waist to hip ratio except Waist circumference, with P value <0.0001 among diabetics and non-diabetics.

Conclusion: The study concludes that non diabetic subjects who are obese always show increase in waist to hip ratio whereas diabetic who are obese always shows increase in waist circumference.

Keywords: Obesity; Diabetics; BMI; Waist circumference; Waist to hip ratio.

A Model of Islamic Spirituality: A Systematic Scoping Review

Fatimah Yahya¹, Samsiah binti Mat², Santhna Letchmi Panduragan³

Authors:

^1,3Faculty of Nursing, Lincoln University College, Malaysia, Email: fatimahbarrack@gmail.com

Corresponding Author:

²Professor,Faculty of Nursing, University College MAIWP, International (UCMI), Malaysia

Email: drsamsiah@ucmi.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The concept of spirituality can be found in the Quran explicitly by elucidatedly using items such as pure and good life (Hayate-tayyebeh), (2017) and pure heart (Ghalbe-Salim) (2016). According to Quranic creeds a human being experiences a special life in his spirituality.

Methods: Articles downloaded from Pub Med, Pro Quest and Google Scholar was reviewed.

Results: The following categories: (1) spiritual health including performing prayer as a calmingtool, beneficence as a path to God; loss of psychological and spiritual support; faith as a wayto happiness; (2) Spiritual beliefs, with three sub categories including seeking help from Godin difficulties, God’s power over life and death, doing good deeds is the God’s will; and (3)Religious practice with three sub categories including performing prayer; reading Quran; and going to mosque, religious ceremonies and pilgrimage.

Conclusion: According to Islamic literature, spirituality means the use of intellect, tendencies, and abilities to experience awareness of the origin of the universe, worshiping God, humility, submission, and trust, which is demonstrated by a man/woman in all of his/her actions.

Keywords: Model of Islamic Spirituality; Quran; Systematic Scoping Review

A Study to Compare the Effectiveness between Otago Exercise And Modified Otago Exercise on Dynamic Balance Among Bharatanatyam Dancers

Bertilla Mullai M I¹, G. Yuvarani²

Corresponding Author:

¹BPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Email id: bertillamullai@gmail.com

Co-Author:

²Associae Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Dr.MGR Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Background of the study: Bharatanatyam is an Indian Classical Dance which involves rhythmic dance movements. There are various postures in the dance form in which dancers need optimum muscle strength and adequate range of motion at required joints. Dancers need good body balance to maintain the postures. The main purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness between Otago exercise and Modified Otago exercise on dynamic balance among Bharatanatyam Dancers.

Methodology: This is an experimental study of Pre and Post comparative type. 20 Female Bharatanatyam Dancers were randomly selected for the study. The study setting was in Nritham; the School of Dance. Study duration is about 6 sessions in a week for 8 weeks. The inclusion criteria include only Female Bharatanatyam Dancers within the age group of 18–25 years. The recruited subjects were allocated into two groups, Group A received Otago exercise program and Group B received Modified Otago exercise program. The exercise program was given for 30 minutes per day for 8 weeks, before and at the end of the treatment session Star Excursion Balance test was assessed as outcome measure.

Result: On comparing the mean values of Group A & Group B on Star Excursion Balance Test score for dynamic balance, it shows a significant increase in the post test mean values in both groups in all directions, but Group B was more effective than Group A at P ≤ 0.001.

Conclusion: On comparing the effects between the groups showed Modified Otago Exercise Group B is more effective than Group A Otago Exercise.

Keywords: Bharatanatyam Dance; Otago Exercise Program; Modified Otago Exercise Program; Star Excursion Balance Test; Dynamic Balance.

The Description of Independence Level of Post-Stroke Patients

James W H Manik^1*, Citra Puspa Juwita², Ali Akbar³

Authors:
^1,2,3 Physiotherapy Program, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author:
¹^*Physiotherapy Program, FakultasVokasi, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Email: jamesmanik@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: The main source of disability that prevents individuals from being independent in doing everyday activities is functional movement disorders caused by bodily weakness in stroke conditions. This study aims to find out the level of independence of post-stroke patients.

Methods: This study employs a descriptive quantitative approach based on the level of independence, type of stroke, and the side of the brain that is affected by stroke patients in Jakarta. Physiotherapists served as the enumerators for the study, which lasted for two months. The data were collected by observing and interviewing patients using the Functional Independent Measure (FIM) instrument.

Results: A total of 101 stroke patients, including 78 ischemic stroke patients and 23 hemorrhagic stroke patients, were included in this study. A total of 40 individuals have left hemispheric lesions, of which 35 have ischemic types and 5 have hemorrhagic types. The overall number of patients with right hemisphere lesions is 61; of these, 43 have ischemic types and 18 have hemorrhagic types. Hemorrhagic stroke has a level of independence of 4.16 (SD + 1.06), while the ischemic stroke has a level of independence of 4.69 (SD +0.80). Ischemic stroke patients have a higher total FIM score than hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Conclusion: Patients with ischemic stroke have a better level of independence than those with hemorrhagic stroke.

Keywords: Stroke; Functional Independence Measure; Ischemic; Hemorrhagic; hemisphere

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome-A Narrative Review

Hazliza Razali¹, Naresh Bhaskar Raj ²*, Wan-Arfah N³, Zakaria Yusoff⁴

Authors:

¹PhD Scholar,Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

³Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

⁴Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab, 15100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Corresponding author:

^2*Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. E-mail address: bnaresh@unisza.edu.my

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common musculoskeletal disorder resulting from ischemic response to the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. The thumb, index finger and middle finger are particularly affected by the compression of the median nerve through the carpal tunnel at the wrist.

Methodology: There are several methods for diagnosing CTS, including history taking, physical examinations, diagnostic questionnaires, electrodiagnostic testing, and ultrasound. Provocative tests can be a part of the CTS diagnostic tools and are crucial components of the physical examination.

Result: Physiotherapy intervention is widely applied as a conservative treatment and a non-invasive method in clinical settings.

Conclusion: For patients with mild to moderate CTS symptoms, conservative treatment is beneficial and recommended by numerous studies.

Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Shock Wave Therapy, Physiotherapy intervention, symptom and hand function, Idiopathic

Efficacy of dry needling technique versus cervical manipulation technique on patients with Migraine

Jibi Paul¹, D. Chengi Kousalya²

Author:

¹Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

²MPT Graduate, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India Mail Id: chengikousalya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Migraine is serious health problem in 15% of general population. The patients with migraine exhibited active Trigger Points in their neck extensor muscles. Dry needling is a treatment using a thin filament sterile needle to puncture skin and create tiny lesions in a muscle, tendon, to help restore normal physiology function, and reduce pain. Needling has applications for myofascial pain, chronic pain, headache, migraine. Cervical Manipulation Technique has been used to reduce pain and improve range of motion and used in the treatment of patients with head and neck disorders, including neck pain and stiffness, muscle-tension headache, and migraine.The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of dry needling technique versus cervical manipulation technique on patients with migraine.

Methodology: 30 patients were randomly divided into two groups; fifteen patients in the experimental group-A received cervical manipulation technique (3 times/week) and fifteen patients in the experimental group-B received Dry needling technique. The VAS and NDI were used as outcome measures.

Result: Comparing between Group A and Group B showed significant difference in effectiveness on pain and Neck disability with P value >0.0001 among patients with migraine. Group B with Dry needling technique found more effective than Group A with cervical manipulation technique with mean difference of (2.867) and (11.40) over (2.267) and (10.47) respectively.

Conclusion: Dry needling technique group is more effective over cervical manipulation technique on enhancing on pain and neck disability. Therefore, this study concludes that Dry needling technique is an effective intervention for migraine patients.

Key words: Visual analog scale, Neck disability index,cervical manipulation technique,Dry needling technique, Trigger points.

Nutrition Status of Children In Kebon Pala, Jakarta

Weeke Budhyanti*¹, Lisnaini²

Author:

²Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia

Corresponding Author

*¹Physiotherapy Program, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Email id: weekeb@uki.ac.id

ABSTRACT

Background: Child development measured by their body height and weight, to projected to their predicted growth. We may find profile of national children growth, but rarely find the profile of the growth increments. This study conducted to find the nutritional status of children in Kebon Pala, Jakarta.

Methods: This study is a quantitative descriptive research that used a quantitative approach to measure children body height, body weight, and their increments 3 months after initial assessment. The data compared with WHO growth standard to classify the nutritional status.

Results: 17.14% boy and 12.5% girl were short, 11.42% boys and 17.5% were tall, 17% boys and 23% were underweight, 11% boys and 10% were overweight, 43.75% boys and 85.71% girls wasted their height, 75% girls and 43.75% boys wasted their weight.

Conclusion: Prevalence of under nutrition not significantly higher than over nutrition, and prevalence of wasted happen from failure to gain weight and height.

Keywords: Child; Growth; Development; Body Mass Index

Compare the effectiveness of progressive resisted exercise, proprioception training and rhythmic exercises to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy

Jibi Paul¹, D. Celin Margrate Sandhya²

Author:

¹Professor, Faculty of Physiotherapy, DR. MGR. Educational and Research Institute, Deemed to be University, A.C.S. Medical College and Hospital Campus, Chennai, India

Corresponding Author:

ABSTRACT

Background of the study: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common long term complications of diabetes with major impact on patient’s quality of life. The primary objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness progressive resisted exercise, proprioceptive training and Rhythmic exercise to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy. The secondary objective of the study is to compare the social resilience of the effectiveness progressive resisted exercise, proprioceptive training and Rhythmic exercise to improve quality of life among diabetic neuropathy.

Methodology: This was an Experimental study carried out in ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Sixty samples with diabetic neuropathy population were selected by simple random sampling method. Samples were equally allocated into three groups (Group A.B and C) using lottery method. The study duration was about 6 months with intervention duration of 30 minutes per day/ alternative days for a week of 4 weeks. Lower extremity functions, QOL, NPRS were used as outcome measures. Group A received resisted exercises training, group B received proprioceptive exercise training and Group C underwent Rhythmic exercise Dependent t test were used to find out the effects within the groups. ANOVA were used to compare the effectiveness between the groups.

Results: Comparative study between Groups A, Group B, Group C showed significant difference in effectiveness of Lower extremity functional, Numerical pain rating and Quality of improvement with P value 0.0001 on functions of diabetic neuropathy patients.

Conclusion: The study concluded that proprioceptive training could improve the lower extremity functions than the progressive resisted and Rhythmic exercise training.

Keywords: Balance; Diabetic neuropathy; Rhythmic exercise, LEFS, QOL, and NPRS.